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The most frequent neurological abnormalities were abulia and psychic akinesia (48%), frontal system abnormalities (26%), speech deficits in patients with left-sided lesions (23%), and neglect syndromes in those with right-sided lesions (10%). Fifteen patients with caudate infarct (60%) and 3 patients with hemorrhage (50%) were able to return to normal daily life. Patients with infarct in the territory of the lateral lenticulostriate arteries extending to neighboring structures showed more frequent motor and neuropsychological deficits than those with infarct in the territory of the anterior lenticulostriate arteries. The clinical presentation of patients with caudate hemorrhage mimicked subarachnoid hemorrhage with or without motor and neuropsychological signs. Caudate vascular lesions with concomitant neighboring structure involvement represent a specific stroke syndrome, usually caused by small-artery-disease and in one fifth of the patients caused by cardiac embolism. The behavioral abnormalities were mostly due to medial, lateral, and ventral caudate subnuclei damage and coexisting lesion of the anterior limb of the internal capsule. |
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abulia
basal ganglia,lesion of
behavioral disorder
botulinum toxin
CAT scan,abnormal
caudate nucleus
caudate nucleus,hemorrhage of
caudate nucleus,infarction
caudate nucleus,lesion of
cerebral embolism
cerebral infarction
cerebrovascular accident
epidemiology of neurology
internal capsule
MRI,abnormal
neglect
personality change
review article
risk factors
small vessel disease
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